Load Sharing folosind HSRP

Hello,

Aceasta postare vine in continuarea laboratorului in care am prezentat configurarea protocolului HSRP si are scopul de a prezenta o metoda prin care se pot utiliza ambele routere pentru transmiterea traficului.

Am observat ca prin implementarea protocolului HSRP putem asigura redundanta legaturii la L3, dar acest lucru implica si dezavantajul ca doar un singur router dintr-un grup poate avea un rol activ in transmiterea traficului, celelalte routere ramanand pasive, cu rolul de a “asculta” routerul principal.

In laboratorul de acum vom observa ca avem posibilitatea de a agrega routerele intr-un nou grup, in care vom desemna ca “active” routerul care in primul grup este in “standby” si invers. Facand acest lucru, putem sa configuram ca default gateway pentru o parte din hosturile din LAN adresa IP virtuala a noului grup.

In final obtinem doua grupuri de hosturi in LAN. O parte dintre utilizatori vor folosi IP-ul virtual al grupului 1 ca default-gateway, iar cealalta parte vor folosi pentru acest lucru IP-ul virtual al grupului 2.

Configurand astfel hosturile, fortam pachetele sa paraseasca LAN-ul atat prin R1 cat si prin R2 in acelasi timp (cand ambele routere sunt up).

Laboratorul precedent il puteti gasi aici.

Pentru a nu se genera confuzii, routerul Active a fost redenumit R1, iar routerul Standby a fost redenumit R2.

Laborator conceput de : Adrian Roata

Topologie

Pas 1 - configuram Client 1

Pas 2 - configuram Client 2

Pas 3 - Configuram R1

R1#sh standby

FastEthernet0/0 - Group 1

 State is Active

   6 state changes, last state change 00:40:44

 Virtual IP address is 192.168.1.200

 Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac01

   Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac01 (v1 default)

 Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec

   Next hello sent in 0.720 secs

 Preemption enabled

 Active router is local

 Standby router is 192.168.1.254, priority 105 (expires in 8.928 sec)

 Priority 110 (configured 110)

   Track interface FastEthernet1/0 state Up decrement 10

 IP redundancy name is "hsrp-Fa0/0-1" (default)

Observam configuratia din laboratorul precedent.

R1#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

R1(config)#int f0/0

R1(config-if)#stand 1 ip 192.168.1.201

R1(config-if)#stand 2 ip 192.168.1.202

R1(config-if)#stand 2 prio 105

R1(config-if)#stand 2 pree

R1(config-if)#stand 2 track f1/0

R1(config-if)#end

R1#copy run start

Destination filename [startup-config]?

Building configuration...

[OK]

Configuram grupul 1 cu IP-ul virtual 192.168.1.201 si grupul 2 cu IP-ul virtual 192.168.1.202, iar apoi salvam configuratia din RAM in NVRAM.

Pas 4 - Configuram R2

R2#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

R2(config)#int f0/0

R2(config-if)#stand 1 ip 192.168.1.201

R2(config-if)#stand 2 ip 192.168.1.202

R2(config-if)#stand 2 prio 110

R2(config-if)#stand 2 track f2/0

R2(config-if)#stand 2 pree

R2(config-if)#do copy run start

Destination filename [startup-config]?

Building configuration...

[OK]

Pas 5 - Verificare

Vizualizam configuratia pe R1

R1#sh standby

FastEthernet0/0 - Group 1

 State is Active

   6 state changes, last state change 00:41:50

 Virtual IP address is 192.168.1.201

 Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac01

   Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac01 (v1 default)

 Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec

   Next hello sent in 0.708 secs

 Preemption enabled

 Active router is local

 Standby router is 192.168.1.254, priority 105 (expires in 6.900 sec)

 Priority 110 (configured 110)

   Track interface FastEthernet1/0 state Up decrement 10

 IP redundancy name is "hsrp-Fa0/0-1" (default)

FastEthernet0/0 - Group 2

 State is Standby

   1 state change, last state change 00:00:20

 Virtual IP address is 192.168.1.202

 Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac02

   Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac02 (v1 default)

 Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec

   Next hello sent in 0.900 secs

 Preemption enabled

 Active router is 192.168.1.254, priority 110 (expires in 7.196 sec)

 Standby router is local

 Priority 105 (configured 105)

   Track interface FastEthernet1/0 state Up decrement 10

 IP redundancy name is "hsrp-Fa0/0-2" (default)

Vizualizam configuratia pe R2

R2#sh stand

FastEthernet0/0 - Group 1

 State is Standby

   7 state changes, last state change 01:02:31

 Virtual IP address is 192.168.1.201

 Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac01

   Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac01 (v1 default)

 Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec

   Next hello sent in 1.724 secs

 Preemption enabled

 Active router is 192.168.1.253, priority 110 (expires in 8.804 sec)

 Standby router is local

 Priority 105 (configured 105)

   Track interface FastEthernet2/0 state Up decrement 10

 IP redundancy name is "hsrp-Fa0/0-1" (default)

FastEthernet0/0 - Group 2

 State is Active

   2 state changes, last state change 00:01:58

 Virtual IP address is 192.168.1.202

 Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac02

   Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c07.ac02 (v1 default)

 Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec

   Next hello sent in 1.792 secs

 Preemption enabled

 Active router is local

 Standby router is 192.168.1.253, priority 105 (expires in 9.912 sec)

 Priority 110 (configured 110)

   Track interface FastEthernet2/0 state Up decrement 10

 IP redundancy name is "hsrp-Fa0/0-2" (default)